Apparatus for boiling viscous solutions



Oct. 2, 1934. R. SOLLICH APPARATUS FOR BOILING VISCOUS SOLUTIONS Filed March 5, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l ilrrtilolliltl Oct 2, 1934. v R. SOLLICH 0 APPARATUS FOR BOILING VISCOUS SOLUTIONS Filed March 5, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 W6 1323 :31 g :3? I

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1 IIIIIIEZTLII v known processes, however, the boiling takes a 05 through a p p A Stirrel 6 is p d d in 70 l evacuated vessel, which can be removed or swung Ward into i a heater. In order to be able to adjust the nozzle fixed support, an indicator secure Patented Oct. 2, 1934 1,975,560

APPARATUS roa BOILING viscous SOLUTIONS Robert Sollich, Rostock, Mecklenburg,

Germany Application March 5, 1931, Serial No. 520,322 In Germany March 5, 1930 2 Claims. (01. 159-2) The known processes for boiling viscous solu- I Fig. l is a longitudinal section through the tions, more particularly of sugar, marmalade, apparatus. caramel and the like, consist in heating the solu- Figs. 2-5 show some contours of nozzles for tions in externally heated containers or 'in' causatomizing the material.

5 ing them to fiow along heated walls in order to Fig. 6 shows a modified construction of the evaporate the water. The bubbles of steam asboiler'apparatus and cend 'in the viscous mass and escape into the Fig. 7 shows on a larger scale the stirrer of surrounding space. It is also known to boil the Fig. 6 formed with-helical vanes. solutions, which have been previously boiled at Fig. 8 shows an impact plate for improving the 10 atmospheric pressure, again in an evacuated vesdistribution of the atomized jet. sel, in order to accelerate the evaporation of the In the construction shown in Fig. 1, a first stage water particles which are not easily separated il r 2 i arr nged in the framework 1 and has from the solutions, especially after the boiling an external casin 3, wh h i heated y t am has been continued for a long time. In all the from a p pe 4- W ter of condensation is drawn relatively long time, and this has an unfavourthe boiler 2 and is rigidly connected with a hollow able eflect 0n the properties of the products and Shaft rotated by means of a bevel ar 3 and belt more particularly in the case of sugar substances Pulleys 9- A thermometer 10 is inserted in the i d crystallization of t sugar I boiler 2 in a pdsition such that it does not come 0 The present invention consists in a process for into Contact w th th stirrer 6. i5 boiling viscoussolutions, particularly of caramel, An Opening 11 Provided at e bottom po nt of marmalade or the like, in which the material, the boiler 2 is connected by a nozzle with a conpreviously boiled at atmospheric or higher prestainer 15 disposed below the said boiler. The sure,isintroduced as an atomized jet, as previousnozzle is closed y a needle valve 13. the stem 25 1y kn n i th c nt ti and t l t of of which is led through the-hollow shaft 7 and is so a vessel maintained t adapted to be raised or lowered by a hand lever non-viscous liquids, into 7 lower pressure, more particularly into an evacu- The opening 11 1s 50 narrow, that the jet of it is finely atomizedethe atedyessel in which an impact plate' is proi n s through vided, preferably at the inlet, the temperature of atomlzatlen being facilitated by the form 30 the introduced material being above the boiling parted to the nozzle, as shown for example in point of the liquid at the pressure present in the Flgssaid vesse1 1n carrying out the process, t The vessel or boiler connected to the bottom of preferably the boiler 2 consists of an upper part 15, rigidly liminary or first stage boiler, 1 rectly connected by an atomizmg nozzlevwith an connected with the boiler 2 and widened downunnel shape, and a removable lower outwards; the boiler is provided with a stirrer, part16 acting as a receiver or collector. A heatthe blades of -w ch are preferably formed as vanes, by which the material is set in whirling motion and pressed against the walls of the preing worm 17, traversed by a current of steam, and disposed in the part 15 so that it is not in contact with the atomized jet, prevents the formation of water of condensation. A tube 18 leads the to the required fineness of the jet, the nozzle vapourfrom the boiler 15 toajet condenser which spindle, disposed within the hollow shaft of the i w vacuum. e The teceiver stirrer, is provided with a hand wheel at its upper 16 has a'packmg 1mg 19 held against h end which is screw-threaded in a boring of 9. upper part 15 by the partial vacuum. It is d t the spindle mounted on rollers 20 which are displaceable on being adapted to move over a graduated scal 18-11S,- so that the receiverlfi, after the vacuum The nozzle between the first stage boiler and the has been destmyedi can be removed, emptied, n ated vessel connected with the again introduced. Two glass windows 21 allow preferably evacu boiler by means of the nozzle, can be constructed the Workmg of the apparatus to be supervised- 50 in any suitable manner, for example in helical The operationisas follows:-

form. After the opening. 11 has been closed by the Two embodiments of -apparatus for carrying needle valve 12, the boiler 2 is filled with the soluout the process according to the invention are tion, the stirrer gear 6, "I, 8, 9 is set in action, and represented in the accompanying" drawings, in steam is introduced into the casing 3. At the 55 whichsame time the boiler 15, 16 is heated by the worm 17 and the air is withdrawn. As soon as the thermometer shows that the solution is at the required temperature, the needle valve is raised, so that the liquid is injected in a finely atomized jet into the boiler 15, 16 and the water particles are evaporated on account of the pressure difference between the boilers 2 and 15 and the dried material is collected in the vessel 16. After the boiler 2 has been emptied, the opening 11 is again closed, the vacuum in the boiler 15, 16 is de-' stroyed, by closing the pipe 18 and introducing air through the opening 11, and the receiver- 16, which by this means automatically is released, is removed and emptied. When the vessel 16 is again connected, the boiling operation can be repeated.

In the construction shown in Fig. 6, the first stage boiler 22 is, as before, disposed in the framework 1. The bottom casing 23 is, as before, charged with steam through the pipe 4, the

water of condensation is led away through an opening provided at the bottom of the casing 23 into a conically'wound worm 24 and serves for heating the upper part 15 of the second stage boiler, in which a conical steam heated worm 25 -.opposite the inlet nozzle is arranged to act as an impact plate. The part 15 is connected through the pipe 18 to a condenser and vacuum pump. The lower part 16 serving as a receiver for the dried material can be swung outwards and is tiltably supported in a fork-shaped connection 26 which with the part'l6 can be swung about a bolt 27 secured to the wall of the framework.

The stirrer (Fig. 7) provided in the boiler 22 consists of two or more vanes opposite one another, conforming to the shape of the walls of the boiler, which press the material against the hot walls of the boiler, so that it rises in whirling motion along the walls. The vanes 28 are secured to a hollow shaft 29, through which is led in the same manner as in the first construction the stem 13 of the needle valve 12. In order to obtain an exact adjustment of the cross-section of the jet, the stem 13 of the needle valve is provided at its upper end with a screw-thread and is guided in a supporting member 30 provided with an internal thread. The stem 13 is rotated by a hand wheel 31 which carries an indicator 32; movable over a scale 33. The shaft of the stirring gear is driven in the same manner as in the construction shown in Fig. 1. a

r The advantage of this construction is that a very small charge can be treated, since-the vanes 28 allow the material to rise at the walls, so that the heating surface is most efilciently'utilizd. Any

ejection of the solution is prevented by a constriction at the upper edge of the boiler. Also, the atomization can be improved by increasing or decreasing as required the opening at the needle valve and by the arrangement of an impact plate, in the boiler 15 opposite the nozzle opening.

The conical heating. worm 25 can 'be-replaced by an impact plate as shown in Fig. 8; also the steam in he heating worm 25 can be utilized for heating the external walls of the'boiler 15. The apparatus can be arranged so that there need be no interruption of the working, the material being introduced continuously into the nozzle and atom- -ized in the boiler 15. In this case the dried material collecting at the bottom of the vessel 16 can be removed either periodically or continuously. Also, instead of heating the boiler 15, heat insulation can be provided on its external surface.

. I claim.

1. An apparatus for boiling caramel marmalade and the like, comprising an upper heating vessel acting'as a first stage boiler, means for externally heating said vessel, a hollow stirrer axle projecting down into the upper vessel and provided with vanes for pressing and whirling the liquid against the walls of the vessel, a lower vessel with an outlet pipe for suction and provided with an upper steam heated portion, an atomizing nozzle connecting the upper vessel with the lower vessel and having an adjustable stem inclosed by the hollow stirrer axle and controlled by a scale and an indicator, and a removable receiver connected to the lower vessel by suction.

2. In apparatus for rendering viscous material dry, an open vesselv to receive the material in a viscous condition having an outlet through theno bottom, means to externally heat said vessel and effect a heating. of the material therein at atmospheric pressure, a stirrer rotatably suspended in said vessel embodying a tubular support having blades extendedradially therefrom arranged to whirl and press'the material against the wall of the vessel by the. rotation thereof, 7 a valve for the vessel outlet having a stem extended through the 1 support of the stirrer adapted to control and normally closing the outlet, 9; second vessel consisting of a fixed section having connection with the outlet of the first vessel to receive material therefrom and a removable collecting section, and said vessel adapted for connection with suction means to maintain the vessel at a, low' pressure and evaporation of moisture in material delivered therein, and heating means-in the second vessel for impact of the material delivered into said vessel from the first vessel.

ROBERT SOILICH. 

